Yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) nanoparticles are advanced rare-earth materials recognized for their exceptional thermal and chemical stability, high melting point, and excellent dielectric and optical properties. Their wide band gap and low phonon energy make them particularly effective as host matrices for luminescent dopants, enabling high-efficiency phosphors for displays, LEDs, and imaging technologies. In addition, Y₂O₃ exhibits strong resistance to corrosion and plasma environments, supporting its use in protective coatings for semiconductor processing equipment and high-temperature components.