Lanthanum cobaltite is a transition-metal perovskite characterized by mixed Co³⁺ spin states, high oxygen mobility, and tunable redox behavior, which are strongly enhanced in nanostructured forms. LaCoO₃ nanoparticles exhibit significant catalytic and electrocatalytic activity due to their abundant surface active sites and oxygen vacancy formation. As a result, they are widely studied as catalysts for oxidation reactions and as electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution and reduction reactions in alkaline media, as well as in energy conversion and environmental catalysis applications.