(MnO2)
Manganese dioxide nanoparticles show high catalytic activity and the ability to accommodate ion insertion through their tunnel or layered structures (alpha, beta, gamma, etc.). Reduced particle size increases accessible surface sites and improves charge and mass transfer. MnO2 is widely applied in oxidative catalysis, wastewater treatment, zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries, and in electrodes for supercapacitors and metal–air batteries.
NPs: 30±10 nm
Needles: 300±200 nm (length), 15±4 nm (width)
Micrometric rods: 1.0±0.5 µm (length), 150±60 nm (width)
Length: 414±256 nm
Diameter: 39±23 nm
