(Mn3O4)
Mn3O4 is a mixed-valence manganese oxide with a tetragonally distorted spinel structure, containing both Mn²⁺ and Mn³⁺ ions distributed over tetrahedral and octahedral sites. This dual oxidation state gives rise to rich magnetic and electronic properties, including ferrimagnetism and temperature-dependent conductivity. Mn3O4 is widely studied for its redox activity and chemical stability, making it suitable for applications in catalysis, lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and gas sensing. Its abundance, low cost, and environmental compatibility further enhance its appeal as a functional material for sustainable energy and environmental technologies.
